N2 to Heb. 8.8, p1297 “For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah:” (The Eight Covenants, Summary: (1) The Edenic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 1:26conditioned the life of man in innocency. (2) The Adamic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 3:14 conditions the life of fallen man and gives promise of a Redeemer. (3) The Noahic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 9:1. establishes the principle of human government. (4) The Abrahamic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 15:18 founds the nation of Israel, and confirms, with specific additions, the Adamic promise of redemption. (5) The Mosaic Covenant Cmt. on Ex 19:25. condemns all men, “for that all have sinned.” (6) The Palestinian Covenant Cmt. on De 30:3 secures the final restoration and conversion of Israel. (7) The Davidic Covenant Cmt. on 2Sa 7:16 establishes the perpetuity of the Davidic family (fulfilled in Christ, Mt 1:1; Lu 1:31-33; Ro 1:3 and of the Davidic kingdom, over Israel, and over the whole earth; to be fulfilled in and by Christ 2Sa 7:8-17; Zec 12:8; Lu 1:31-33; Ac 15:14-17; 1Co 15:24. (8) The New covenant rests upon the sacrifice of Christ, and secures the eternal blessedness, under the Abrahamic Covenant Ga 3:13-29 of all who believe. It is absolutely unconditional, and, since no responsibility is by it committed to man, it is final and irreversible.
II. The relation of Christ to the eight covenants is as follows: (1) To the Edenic Covenant, Christ, as the “second Man,” the “last Adam” 1Co 15:45-47 takes the place over all things which the first Adam lost Col 2:10; Heb 2:7-8. (2) He is the “Seed of the woman” of the Adamic Covenant Ge 3:15; Joh 12:31; 1Jo 3:8; Ga 4:4; Re 20:10 and fulfilled its conditions of toil Mr 6:3 and obedience. (3) As the greatest son of Shem, in Him was fulfilled supremely the promise to Shem in the Noahic Covenant. Col 2:9. (4) He is the “Seed to whom the promises were made” in the Abrahamic Covenant; the son of Abraham obedient unto death Ge 22:18; Ga 3:16; Php 2:8. (5) He lived sinlessly under the Mosaic covenant and bore for us its curse. Ga 3:10-13. (6) He lived obediently as a Jew in the land under the Palestinian Covenant, and will yet perform it gracious promises De 28:1-30:9. (7) He is the “Seed,” “Heir,” and “King” under the Davidic Covenant Mt 1:1; Lu 1:31-33. (8) His sacrifice is the foundation of the New Covenant Mt 26:28; 1Co 11:25.).

Je. 31:31-34: “31 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: 32 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD: 33 But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. 34 And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”

He. 8 “6 But now hath he [Jesus Christ] obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.” See also the rest of Heb. 8, and following. Also, N1 p1297 to Heb. 8.8 (copied below). The eight covenants are summarized in N2 p1297 to Heb. 8.8 (copied below).

Ex. 19 “5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, they ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine: 6 * * *.”

N4 p93 to Ex. 19.5. “Cf. 1 Pet. 2.9; Rev. 1.6; 5.10. What under law, was condition, is under grace, freely given to every believer. The “if” of v. 5 is the essence of law as a method of divine dealing, and the fundamental reason why “the law made nothing perfect” (Rom. 8.3; Heb. 7.18, 19). The Abrahamic (Gen. 15.18, note) and New (Heb. 8.8-12, note) covenants minister salvation and assurance because they impose but one condition, faith.”

Acts 13 “46 Then Paul and Barnabas waxed bold, and said, It was necessary that the word of God should first have been spoken to you: but seeing ye put it from you, and judge yourselves unworthy of everlasting life, lo, we turn to the Gentiles. 47 For so hath the Lord commanded us, saying, I have set thee   to be a light to the Gentiles, that thou shouldest be for salvation  unto the ends of the earth. . . .”

Acts 15 deals w/the counsel at Jerusalem.  Believing Pharisees there said “That it was needful to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.” 15.5. Paul argues for Christian liberty. . . .  No where in their answer did Paul, Barnabas or others state that Baptism replaced circumcision, that infants should be baptized, etc. They go on to state that the Gentile believers are not under the law. 15 “24 Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls, saying, Ye must be circumcised, and keep the law: to whom we gave no such commandment.”

Notice in the sermon on Mars Hill (Acts 17.22-31) that Paul is not appealing to the nation.  He is appealing to the individual. 17 “30 And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent.”

Acts 18 “6 And when [the Jews] opposed themselves, and blasphemed, he shook his raiment, and said unto them, You blood be upon your own heads: for I am clean: from henceforth I will go unto the Gentiles.”

Ga. 5.1-6. Notice that “6 For in Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth anything, nor uncircumcision; but faith which worketh by love.” Again, nothing is said about baptism replacing circumcision, but that only “faith which worketh by love” availeth.

Col. 3 “9 Lie not one to another, seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds; 10 And have put on the new man which is renewed in knowledge after the image of him that created him: 11 Where there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, Barbarian, Scythian, bond nor free: but Christ is all, and in all.”

N1 p1297 to He. 8.8: “The New Covenant, Summary:
(1) ‘Better’ than the Mosaic Covenant, not morally, but efficaciously (Heb. 7 [“19 For the law made nothing perfect, but the bringing in of a better hope did; by the which we draw nigh unto God.”]; Rom. 8 [“3 For what the law could not do in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh: 4 That the righteousness of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.”]).
(2) Established on ‘better (i.e. unconditional) promises. In the Mosaic Covenant God said, “If ye will” (Ex. 19 [“5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine; 6a And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation.”); in the New Covenant, He says, “I will” (Heb. 8 [“10 By the which we are all sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 12 But this man, after he had  offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God; 13 From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool.”]).
(3) Under the Mosaic Covenant obedience sprang from fear (Heb. 2 [“2 For if by the word spoken by angels was stedfast, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompence of reward; 12. 25 See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven: 26 Whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but also heaven. 27 And this word, Yet once more, signifieth the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that are made, that those things which cannot be shaken may remain.”]); under the New from a willing heart and mind (vv “9 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathersw in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord. 10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and  write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people:”).
(4) The New Covenant secures the personal revelation of the Lord to every believer (v. “11 And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest.”);
(5) the complete oblivion of sins  (v. “12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins, and their iniquities will I remember no more.”; Heb. 10 “17 And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.” ; cf. Heb. 10 “3 But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year.);
(6) rests upon an accomplished redemption (Mt. 26 “27 “And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying Drink ye all of it; 28 For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.; 1 Cor. 11 “25 After the manner also he took the cup, when he supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me”; Heb. 9 “11 But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, bu a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building; 12 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us. 18 Whereupon neither the first testament was dedicated without blood. 19 For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people. 20 Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you. 21 Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry. 22 And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission. 23 It is therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should by purified with these; but theheavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.”);
(7) and secures the perpetuity, future conversion, and blessing of Israel (Jer. 31.31-40; see also ‘Kingdom (O.T.),’ and 2 Sam. 7.8-17). The New Covenant is the eighth, thus speaking of resurrection and of eternal completeness.

See McGee, Exodus, Volume II, p. 173, for contrast between law and grace. See Mcgee, Exodus, Volume II: pp. 172-175, 179-183 for the contrast between law and grace. “The children of Israel traveled from Egypt to Mt. Sinai by the grace of God. Then God asks them if they want to receive the law and commandments, and they foolishly agree to accept it instead of saying that they enjoyed the trip on eagles’ wings from Egypt to Mt. Sinai….” P. 207: Under law, to worship afar off; under grace, near.

N2 to He. 8.8, p1297 “For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah:” (The Eight Covenants, Summary: (1) The Edenic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 1:26conditioned the life of man in innocency. (2) The Adamic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 3:14 conditions the life of fallen man and gives promise of a Redeemer. (3) The Noahic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 9:1. establishes the principle of human government. (4) The Abrahamic Covenant Cmt. on Ge 15:18 founds the nation of Israel, and confirms, with specific additions, the Adamic promise of redemption. (5) The Mosaic Covenant Cmt. on Ex 19:25. condemns all men, “for that all have sinned.” (6) The Palestinian Covenant Cmt. on De 30:3 secures the final restoration and conversion of Israel. (7) The Davidic Covenant Cmt. on 2Sa 7:16 establishes the perpetuity of the Davidic family (fulfilled in Christ, Mt 1:1; Lu 1:31-33; Ro 1:3 and of the Davidic kingdom, over Israel, and over the whole earth; to be fulfilled in and by Christ 2Sa 7:8-17; Zec 12:8; Lu 1:31-33; Ac 15:14-17; 1Co 15:24. (8) The New covenant rests upon the sacrifice of Christ, and secures the eternal blessedness, under the Abrahamic Covenant Ga 3:13-29 of all who believe. It is absolutely unconditional, and, since no responsibility is by it committed to man, it is final and irreversible.
II. The relation of Christ to the eight covenants is as follows: (1) To the Edenic Covenant, Christ, as the “second Man,” the “last Adam” 1Co 15:45-47 takes the place over all things which the first Adam lost Col 2:10; Heb 2:7-8. (2) He is the “Seed of the woman” of the Adamic Covenant Ge 3:15; Joh 12:31; 1Jo 3:8; Ga 4:4; Re 20:10 and fulfilled its conditions of toil Mr 6:3 and obedience. (3) As the greatest son of Shem, in Him was fulfilled supremely the promise to Shem in the Noahic Covenant. Col 2:9. (4) He is the “Seed to whom the promises were made” in the Abrahamic Covenant; the son of Abraham obedient unto death Ge 22:18; Ga 3:16; Php 2:8. (5) He lived sinlessly under the Mosaic covenant and bore for us its curse. Ga 3:10-13. (6) He lived obediently as a Jew in the land under the Palestinian Covenant, and will yet perform it gracious promises De 28:1-30:9. (7) He is the “Seed,” “Heir,” and “King” under the Davidic Covenant Mt 1:1; Lu 1:31-33. (8) His sacrifice is the foundation of the New Covenant Mt 26:28; 1Co 11:25.).

II Co. 3.6-18  The ministry: (c) spiritual and glorious—not legal.

II Co. 3:6, 8, 17, 18 “6 Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life…. 8 How shall not the ministration of the spirit be rather glorious? … 17-  Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty. 18 But we all, with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord.” See vv. 6-18.

II Co. 3.6-18  The ministry: (c) spiritual and glorious—not legal.

II Co. 3:6, 8, 17, 18 “6 Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life…. 8 How shall not the ministration of the spirit be rather glorious? … 17-  Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty. 18 But we all, with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord.” See vv. 6-18.

N2 p1297 to Heb. 8.8.

“I. The Eight Covenants Summary: (1) The Edenic Covenant (Gen. 1.26-28, note) conditioned the life of man in innocency. (2) The Adamic Covenant (Gen. 3. 14-19, note) conditions the life of fallen man and gives promise of a Redeemer. (3) The Noahic covenant (Gen. 9.1, note) establishes the principle of human government. (4) The Abrahamic Covenant (Ben. 15.18, note) founds the nation of Israel, and confirms, with specific additions, the Adamic promise of redemption. (5) The Mosaic Covenant (Ex. 19.25, note) condemns all men, ‘for that all have sinned.’ (6) The Palestinian covenant (Deut. 28-30.3, note) secures the final restoration and conversion of Israel. (7) The Davidic Covenant (2 Sam. 7.8-17, note) establishes the perpetuity of the Davidic family (fulfilled in Christ, Mt. 1.1; Lk. 1.31-33; Rom. 1.3), and of the Davidic kingdom, over Israel and over the whole earth; to be fulfilled in and by Christ (2 Sam. 7.8-17; Zech. 12.8. Lk. 1.31-33; Acts 15.14-17; 1 Cor. 15.24). (8) The New Covenant rests upon the sacrifice of Christ, and secures the eternal blessedness, under the Abrahamic Covenant (Gal. 3.13-29), of all who believe. It is absolutely unconditional, and, since no responsibility is by it committed to man, it is final and irreversible.
II. The relation of Christ to the eight covenants is as follows: (1) To the Edenic Covenant, Christ, as the ‘second Man,’ the ‘last Adam’ (1 Cor. 14.45-47), takes the place over all things which the first Adam lost (Col. 2.10; Heb. 2.7-8). (2) He is the ‘Seed of the woman’ of the Adamic Covenant (Gen. 3.14; John 12.31; 1 John 3.8; Gal. 4.4; Rev. 20.10), and fulfilled its conditions of toil (Mk. 6.3) and obedience. (3) As the greatest son of Shem, in Him was fulfilled supremely the promise to Shem in the Noahic Covenant (Gen. 9.1, note; Col. 2.9). (4) He is the ‘Seed to whom the promises were made’ in the Abrahamic covenant; the son of Abraham obedient unto death (Gen. 22.18; Gal. 3.16; Phil. 2.8). (5) He lived sinlessly under the Mosaic Covenant and bore for us its curse (Gal. 3.10-13). (6) He lived obediently as a Jew in the land under the Palestinian Covenant, and will yet perform its gracious promises (Deut. 28.-30.1-9). (7) He is the ‘Seed,’ ‘Heir,’ and ‘King’ under the Davidic Covenant (Mt. 1.1; Lk. 1.31-33). (8) His sacrifice is the foundation of the New Covenant (Mt. 26.28; 1 Cor. 11.25).

N1 p1326 to 2 John 5:
               “The new ‘law of Christ’ is the divine love, as wrought into the renewed heart by the Holy Spirit (Rom. 5.5; Heb. 10.26), and the outflowing in the energy of the Spirit, unforced and spontaneous, toward the objects of the diving love (2 Cor. 5.14-20; 1 Thes. 2.7, 8). It is, therefore, ‘the law of liberty’ (Jas. 1.25; 2.12), in contrast with the external law of Moses. Moses’ law demands love (Lev. 19.18; Deut. 6.5; Lk 10.27); Christ’s law is love (Rom. 5.5; 1 John 4.7, 19, 20), and so takes the place of the external law by fulfilling it (Rom. 13 ‘10 Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.’; Gal. 5 ‘14 For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this; thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.’). It is the ‘law written in the heart’ under the New Covenant (Heb. 8.8, note).